Licking their wounds: Social response to trauma by free‐ranging bison ( <i>Bison bison</i> )

Social Licking in Pregnant Dairy Heifers

Housing affects social behaviors, such as competition, but little work has addressed affiliative behaviors. This study compared social licking (SL) in pregnant heifers housed indoors (in a free-stall barn) versus outdoors (on pasture), and relationships with competition, feeding and physical proximity to others. Six heifer groups were observed during two six-hour-periods in both treatments. The...

Gunshot wounds: A review of ballistics related to penetrating trauma

Since the introduction of the term “wound ballistics”[1,2] indicating the study of the wounding mechanisms of missiles [3], extensive experimental research on this field has beenconductedby investigators with a military background [4-7]. In the context of wound ballistics, the term missile is used to denote various types of small projectiles, such as bullets and fragments, that have enough kine...

[Wounds and their treatment].

Wounds and Their Complications

T HE very common subject of wounds looms Iarger and Iarger these Iater days as swiftIy moving vehicIes create havoc upon our highways. Incised wounds are commonly due to windshieId gIass that breaks and divides tissue, often of the face. If the Iarger vesseIs of the neck, arm, groin or thighs are opened, a percentage of the victims die of uncontrolied hemorrhage, usuaIIy because bystanders do n...

The hidden wounds of childhood trauma

Although the role of intense psychological distress in psychopathology has been recognized for centuries, the metaphorical use of the word ‘trauma’ to indicate intense psychological distress only became popular in the midst of the industrial revolution (Danese & Baldwin, 2017). The introduction of the steam engine and the spread of railways led to a sharp increase in train accidents. Strikingly...